Oncofusion

start / graph / interface-men1-rpa2

Interfacemoderate confidence 3 of 5: One strong study, or several smaller consistent ones.Q192-the-rpa-heterotrimer

Menin binds RPA2 directly, the contact maps to RPA2 aa 43-171 across its low-affinity ssDNA site, and three MEN1 patient missense mutations abolish it - a 2003 finding that this graph had never cited despite menin being its central node

also called menin-RPA2 · MEN1-RPA2 · menin-RPA32 · menin-replication protein A

Menin is the protein that the leukaemia fusion in this project grabs hold of, and it is also the protein whose loss causes an inherited tumour syndrome. Twenty-three years ago it was shown to bind directly to RPA2, part of the clamp that covers exposed single-stranded DNA - and mutations found in patients with that syndrome break the binding. This graph, built around menin, had never recorded it.

The same thing, for a scientist

**Verdict: a real, directly demonstrated protein-protein contact, graded `strong` for its own systems and NOT transferred to this disease.** Sukhodolets 2003 found menin-RPA2 in a Ras-reconstitution yeast two-hybrid screen, **confirmed it in a conventional two-hybrid system and by direct interaction between purified proteins**, and mapped it to **RPA2 amino acids 43-171** and to menin's N-terminus [E1]. The determinants on menin are **two separated regions**: RPA2 bound poorly to menin lacking aa 1-40 but efficiently to menin truncated at 448, while removing a further 162 C-terminal residues abolished binding, implicating **aa 286-448 as well** [E1]. **Fifteen MEN1 patient missense mutations were tested; H139D, A160P and A176P abolished the interaction and eight more impaired it** [E1] - and all fourteen distinct residue positions string-match UniProt O00255 canonical (610 aa) [E2]. A 2017 breast-cancer study reports the same interaction functionally, with RPA2 relieving menin's antagonism of NF-kB p65 [E3]; a 2023 study models the interface computationally and is **prediction only** [E4]. **Three hard limits.** No KMT2A fusion appears in any of it; `RPA2[tiab] AND KMT2A[tiab]` and `RPA2[tiab] AND MLL[tiab]` are both zero [E5]. **Menin does not enter replication foci**, tested directly in the founding paper [E1]. And **menin prefers FREE RPA2 to the heterotrimer in vitro**, while in cells a menin antibody pulls RPA1 down too - unresolved [E1].

Go deeper
The mutation panel, which is the strongest part and the reason this is not just another two-hybrid hit

A two-hybrid interaction confirmed with purified proteins is good. An interaction that patient mutations break is a different class of evidence, because it ties the contact to human genetics rather than to an assay 1.

effect on menin-RPA2 bindingMEN1 missense mutations
abolishedH139D, A160P, A176P
impairedP12L, L22R, H139Y, F144V, F159C, L286P, A309P, T344R
little or no effectA164D, W183S, W436R, F447S

11 of 15 tested mutations affected binding; 3 of 15 abolished it 1.

No null is written down for that proportion, deliberately. These are not a random draw from menin's surface - they were chosen because they occur in patients, which selects for residues that matter for something. The base rate at which an arbitrary menin missense disrupts RPA2 binding is unknown, so 11/15 must not be compared against 50% or against any other figure, and it is not evidence that RPA2 binding is the function menin loses in MEN1. What it is evidence of is that the contact uses residues the disease cares about.

Coordinate discipline. Every one of the fourteen distinct positions - P12, L22, H139, F144, F159, A160, A164, A176, W183, L286, A309, T344, W436, F447 - was indexed into the live-fetched O00255 sequence and the residue identity confirmed 2. Menin has a 610-aa displayed isoform and longer described isoforms, and this project corrected three entries in cycle 159 for residue arithmetic against the wrong reference, so the check was run before the numbers were written down. It confirms the numbering is consistent with O00255 canonical; the paper does not state its reference sequence, so that is a reconstruction and is labelled as one.

The overlap with RPA2's ssDNA site, and the negative that comes with it

RPA2's mapped menin-binding region, aa 43-171, contains what the founding paper calls RPA2's low-affinity single-stranded-DNA-binding site, and it overlaps the OB fold that UniProt annotates at aa 74-148 16.

A protein binding across an ssDNA-binding fold is the obvious candidate for a modulator of that fold. The authors tested it and found no detectable effect of menin on RPA-DNA binding in vitro 1. That negative should travel with the overlap every time the overlap is mentioned.

There is a way to reconcile the two, and it is a prediction rather than a finding. RPA's DNA affinity and protein affinity are anticorrelated: the high-DNA-affinity state engages DBD-C and DBD-D and occludes the DBD-A/DBD-B protein-interaction surface, while protein partners are compatible with the low-DNA-affinity state 6. If menin binds the low-DNA-affinity conformer, it would occupy a surface that is not engaged with DNA at that moment, and would therefore not compete with DNA binding. The structural work establishing that coupling is a Ustilago maydis protein, so this is imported mechanism and not a human structural result, and the prediction is written into this entry's open questions rather than asserted.

What this does NOT license, written before anyone joins it to the index fusion

This is the join a reader will make, and the corpus has an entry whose entire purpose is to stop a weaker version of it.

  1. No fusion anywhere. Systems: a yeast two-hybrid screen, purified proteins, HeLa co-IP, MEN1 patient mutations, MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 breast lines 13. Zero literature records name RPA2 with KMT2A or with MLL 5.
  2. It is not the menin pocket the drugs occupy. The menin determinants here are aa 1-40 plus 286-448 1. The KMT2A MBM1 motif binds a central pocket, and the gamma-H2A.X-binding motif this corpus has been arguing about is Val371-Gln400. The 286-448 window overlaps that, which is interesting and is not the same as showing the inhibitors touch it - hyp-the-menin-inhibitor-class-splits-at-val371 and risk-a-menin-degrader-is-not-a-pocket-inhibitor-for-the-hr-scaffold are this corpus's existing treatments and should be read before any inference is drawn.
  3. It does not rescue the Skucha RPA2 prey row. interface-kmt2a-rpa2-declined-an-abundant-nuclear-ssdna-binder-on-six-spectra-but-the-resection-thread-is-live declined that row and the verdict should stand: six spectra in two replicates is low, the lysate was nuclease-treated, and RPA2 is abundant. What this entry changes is one of the stated reasons. The decline argued that an obligate heterotrimer should have brought RPA1 along; menin's documented preference for free RPA2 means that for a menin-bridged association, single-subunit recovery is predicted 1. A weakened argument is not a reversed verdict, and this entry does not reopen it.
  4. The breast-line axis is transcriptional, not repair. RPA2 relieving menin's repression of NF-kB targets 3 lives in gene-rela and mechanism-menin-represses-nfkb-transactivation; this entry points at them rather than restating them.
Facts and figures
partner agene-men1
partner a uniprotO00255
partner a length AA610
partner bgene-rpa2
partner b uniprotP15927
partner b length AA270
verdictACCEPTED as a protein-protein contact in the systems where it was shown (yeast two-hybrid x2, purified proteins, HeLa co-IP, patient-mutation dependence). NOT TRANSFERRED to KMT2A-rearranged leukaemia: no fusion appears in any arm of any paper, and no KMT2A or MLL record exists in the literature at all.
verdict scopeThis entry asserts menin-RPA2. It does NOT assert RPA2-KMT2A, RPA2-KMT2A::AFF1, or any role for RPA2 in the fusion's mechanism. It explicitly does not reopen interface-kmt2a-rpa2-declined-..., whose verdict stands; it corrects one of that entry's stated reasons.
adjudicated byQ192-the-rpa-heterotrimer, cycle 160, 2026-09-24
interface determinants aMenin residues 1-40 REQUIRED (RPA2 bound poorly to menin lacking aa 1-40) plus a second determinant between 286 and 448 (truncation at 448 retained binding; removing a further 162 C-terminal residues abolished it). These are DELETION determinants, not structural epitope residues, and interface_residues_a is deliberately left empty rather than populated with a range that no structure supports.
motif bRPA2 aa 43-171, the mapped interacting region, containing RPA2's low-affinity ssDNA-binding site and overlapping the UniProt-annotated OB fold at 74-148
species and referenceHUMAN throughout. Menin numbering asserted against UniProt O00255 canonical, 610 aa, isoform O00255-2 displayed; verified by string match on all fourteen mutated positions (E2). RPA2 numbering asserted against UniProt P15927, 270 aa, md5 BC44D5D5F9A66A44ECF84D8E048C0D9C. No murine or fungal coordinate is used anywhere in this entry.
kd noteNO affinity was measured in any of the three papers. The 2003 paper reports qualitative binding and gradings; the 2017 paper does not state a method in its abstract; the 2023 paper reports MM/PBSA binding free energies from simulation, which are NOT convertible to a Kd and must never be quoted as one.
structures noteNO experimental structure of the menin-RPA2 complex exists in the sources read by this beat. The only structural treatment is homology modelling plus docking plus MD (PMID 37291166), which is prediction. structures[] is empty rather than populated with a model.
druggabilityNOT ASSESSABLE from this entry, and the reason matters. The menin determinants here (1-40 plus 286-448) are not demonstrated to be the pocket the menin inhibitors occupy. The 286-448 window does overlap the Val371-Gln400 gamma-H2A.X-binding motif this corpus has been arguing about, which makes 'does a menin inhibitor or degrader disturb the RPA2 contact' a well-posed question - but it is a question, and hyp-the-menin-inhibitor-class-splits-at-val371 and risk-a-menin-degrader-is-not-a-pocket-inhibitor-for-the-hr-scaffold are the entries that hold it.
detection methodyeast two-hybrid (Ras-reconstitution and conventional), direct interaction between purified proteins, gel filtration, co-immunoprecipitation from HeLa extracts, immunofluorescence colocalisation; plus unspecified binding assays in breast lines (PMID 28007956) and in-silico docking/MD (PMID 37291166)
n publications2
n publications note2 independent EXPERIMENTAL publications (PMID 12509449, PMID 28007956) plus 1 computational (PMID 37291166) plus 3 that inherit the claim (PMID 15153434 review, PMID 15691381 expression study, PMID 42578372 which names RPA2/Rad51 downstream of menin-SETD2). Counting the literature as six would overstate it.
n methods4
orthogonal method existstrue
intact noteNOT CHECKED. No IntAct or PSICQUIC query was run for O00255-P15927 by this beat. Rule 93 applies if a later beat does: use the IntAct REST findInteractions endpoint, not PSICQUIC id: queries, and note that menin-KMT2A itself returns 3 records through PSICQUIC and 16 through REST.
experimental role partner abait and prey in different assays; the menin antibody is the reagent in the HeLa co-IP
experimental role partner bprey in the two-hybrid screen; co-precipitated protein in HeLa
shown for fusionNO - nobody has looked in any fusion, in any lineage. This is the plain-NO case the brief's rule 86 reserves for 'nobody has looked in any fusion', and it is accurate: there is no MLL-AF9-mouse-but-not-index-fusion partial credit to record here.
epigenetic readoutNONE for this pair. RPA2 reads, writes and erases no mark. The epigenetic connection in the neighbourhood is menin's OWN: menin recognises gamma-H2A.X via Val371-Gln400 and recruits SETD2 to write H3K36me3, with LEDGF reading it and CtIP resecting, 'ultimately activating the RPA2/Rad51 pathway' (PMID 42578372). If that cascade and this contact are the same axis, the menin determinant for RPA2 (286-448) and the menin determinant for gamma-H2A.X (371-400) overlap - which is a hypothesis this beat records and does not claim.
absence classnever-measured
absence class noteFor the question this corpus actually needs answered - does menin bind RPA2 in a KMT2A-rearranged blast, and is the contact displaced by a menin inhibitor - the class is `never-measured`: no instrument has been pointed at it. The cost of closing it is low for a never-measured claim, though: one co-IP in a KMT2A-rearranged line plus or minus revumenib. NOT the years-of-wet-work case that class usually implies.
fetched2026-09-24
measurements
count0.000count: 0count2.000count: 2count3.000count: 3residue_range_overlap75.0residue_range_overlap: 75
interface residues a
[]
interface residues b
[]
men1 mutations tested
{
  "abolished": [
    "H139D",
    "A160P",
    "A176P"
  ],
  "impaired": [
    "P12L",
    "L22R",
    "H139Y",
    "F144V",
    "F159C",
    "L286P",
    "A309P",
    "T344R"
  ],
  "little_or_no_effect": [
    "A164D",
    "W183S",
    "W436R",
    "F447S"
  ],
  "n_tested": 15,
  "n_distinct_positions": 14,
  "all_positions_string_matched_against_O00255": true,
  "no_null_stated_deliberately": "These are patient mutations, not a random draw from menin's surface, so the base rate at which an arbitrary menin missense disrupts RPA2 binding is unknown. 11/15 must not be compared against 50% or any other figure, and it is not evidence that RPA2 binding is the function lost in MEN1."
}
structures
[]
ligands
[]
host cell lines
[
  "Saccharomyces cerevisiae (two-hybrid host)",
  "HeLa",
  "MCF7",
  "MDA-MB-231"
]
cell type
{
  "answer": "NOT LINEAGE-SPECIFIC and not haematopoietic anywhere. HeLa (cervical), MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 (breast), plus yeast. No blood cell of any kind in any arm."
}
cell state
{
  "state": "The one state-resolved observation is a NEGATIVE: at the G1/S border, with RPA2 prereplication foci visible, menin's distribution was unchanged from untreated cells (PMID 12509449). So the contact was looked for in the state where it would matter most and was not seen to relocalise."
}
measurements — the numbers behind the chart
[
  {
    "quantity": "count",
    "subject": "MEN1 patient missense mutations abolishing menin-RPA2 binding",
    "value": 3,
    "units": "mutations",
    "n": 15,
    "universe": "the fifteen MEN1 missense mutations tested for menin-RPA2 binding in PMID 12509449",
    "null": null,
    "note": "H139D, A160P, A176P. 11 of 15 affected binding at all. NO NULL IS DEFENSIBLE - these are patient mutations, not a random surface draw, so this proportion must not be tested against 50% or compared with any other mutation panel."
  },
  {
    "quantity": "residue_range_overlap",
    "subject": "RPA2 menin-binding region 43-171 vs RPA2 OB fold 74-148",
    "value": 75,
    "units": "residues of overlap",
    "n": 1,
    "universe": "UniProt P15927 feature table (OB 74-148) against the PMID 12509449 mapped region (43-171); simple arithmetic on human coordinates",
    "null": null,
    "note": "the OB fold is entirely contained within the menin-binding region (75 of the OB fold's 75 residues). Menin nonetheless had no detectable effect on RPA-DNA binding in vitro, which is the negative that must travel with this number."
  },
  {
    "quantity": "count",
    "subject": "independent experimental publications reporting the menin-RPA2 contact",
    "value": 2,
    "units": "publications",
    "n": 6,
    "universe": "the six records returned by RPA2[tiab] AND menin[tiab], all titles read, 2026-09-24",
    "null": null,
    "note": "PMID 12509449 (2003, NIH MEN1 group) and PMID 28007956 (2017, unrelated groups). Of the other four: 1 computational, 1 review, 1 expression study, 1 downstream-pathway mention. Quoting six would overstate the literature by a factor of three."
  },
  {
    "quantity": "count",
    "subject": "entries in this corpus citing PMID 12509449 before cycle 160",
    "value": 0,
    "units": "entries",
    "n": 3086,
    "universe": "scripts/check-citation-reuse.py 12509449 over all node files, 2026-09-24",
    "null": null,
    "note": "the founding menin-RPA2 paper was uncited in a graph built around menin. For comparison, PMID 42578372 - which names the RPA2/Rad51 pathway as the terminal step of a menin-scaffolded cascade - is cited 19 times here."
  }
]
How this could bite us back
  • If a menin inhibitor or degrader disturbs the RPA2 contact, the consequence for HR is unpredictable in SIGN: freeing RPA2 could help repair, while removing a scaffold could hinder it. A trial reading out gamma-H2A.X or RPA2 foci under a menin inhibitor could see either direction and would have no basis for attributing it.
  • RPA2 relieving menin's repression of NF-kB targets (PMID 28007956) means that any drug perturbing the menin-RPA2 balance has a potential transcriptional off-mechanism effect on NF-kB-driven genes. Speculative - never tested in a leukaemia - but it is the shape of bite-back a transcriptional inhibitor acquires from its partner's second job.
  • The MEN1 mutation data cut the other way for interpretation of menin-inhibitor resistance: if patient mutations at H139, A160 and A176 abolish RPA2 binding, then tumours carrying them have already lost this contact, and any menin-inhibitor effect mediated through it cannot operate in those tumours. Nobody has stratified a menin-inhibitor cohort on this axis, and in KMT2A-rearranged leukaemia MEN1 is usually wild-type - so the relevance is to MEN1-syndrome tumours, not to this disease.
Still open
  1. Does a menin antibody co-precipitate RPA2 from a KMT2A-rearranged blast, and does revumenib or ziftomenib change it? One co-IP with and without drug. The prediction from the mapping is NO displacement, because the RPA2 determinants (menin 1-40 plus 286-448) are not the KMT2A-binding pocket - which makes the negative informative rather than uninterpretable.
  2. Do menin's RPA2 determinant (286-448) and its gamma-H2A.X determinant (Val371-Gln400, PMID 42578372) define one surface or two? If one, then the menin-SETD2-LEDGF-CtIP-RPA2 cascade and this 2003 contact are the same axis seen twenty-three years apart, and the reciprocal-deletion experiment this corpus already proposes for the gamma-H2A.X motif would test both at once.
  3. Does menin bind the LOW-DNA-affinity RPA conformer? The allosteric-coupling model predicts it must, since menin covers RPA2's OB fold yet does not affect DNA binding. Testable with the 8-10 nt and 30 nt substrates the human trimerisation-core paper already used, and it would explain a 2003 negative with a 2012 mechanism.
  4. Has the menin-RPA2 binding ever been independently retested? On this beat's reading it has not - it has been reviewed, inherited and modelled, but not reproduced. For a contact that three patient mutations abolish, that is a surprising gap, and a straightforward one to close.
Every source behind this entry (6)
  1. E1strong confidence 4 of 5: Replicated in peer-reviewed work by more than one group.paper

    Menin interacts with RPA2, found in a Ras-signalling-reconstitution yeast two-hybrid system and confirmed both in a conventional yeast two-hybrid system and by direct interaction between purified proteins; the interacting regions map to the N-terminal portion of menin and to amino acids 43 to 171 of RPA2, which contains RPA2's low-affinity single-stranded-DNA-binding site; menin had no detectable effect on RPA-DNA binding in vitro; menin bound preferentially in vitro to free RPA2 rather than the RPA heterotrimer or an RPA2-RPA3 subcomplex, while RPA1 was co-precipitated from HeLa extracts along with RPA2 by menin-specific antibodies; RPA2 bound poorly to menin lacking amino acids 1 to 40 but efficiently to menin C-terminally truncated at amino acid 448, and removal of a further 162 C-terminal residues abolished binding, implicating menin residues between 286 and 448; of fifteen MEN1 missense mutations found in patients, H139D, A160P and A176P completely abolished the interaction, P12L, L22R, H139Y, F144V, F159C, L286P, A309P and T344R impaired it, and A164D, W183S, W436R and F447S had little or no effect; and menin showed no detectable mobilisation into replication foci even when punctate RPA2 staining indicative of early or prereplication foci was visible in cells synchronised at the G1/S border.

    The 32-kilodalton subunit of replication protein A interacts with menin, the product of the MEN1 tumor suppressor gene. · Sukhodolets KE, Hickman AB, Agarwal SK, Sukhodolets MV, Obungu VH, Novotny EA, Crabtree JS, Chandrasekharappa SC, Collins FS, Spiegel AM, Burns AL, Marx SJ · Molecular and Cellular Biology 23(2):493-509 2003
    What this evidence cannot show

    PubMed abstract plus a targeted extraction from the PMC open-access full text for the deletion mapping, the mutation panel, the ssDNA-site statement and the replication-foci negative. The figures were not viewed and NO quantitation - no Kd, no band intensity, no n - was extracted; 'abolished', 'impaired' and 'little or no effect' are the paper's own gradings. Systems: yeast two-hybrid (two formats), GST pulldowns with purified proteins, gel filtration, HeLa co-IP and immunofluorescence. NOT haematopoietic, NO fusion in any arm, no primary tissue. 2003, before menin's crystal structure, so the deletion mapping defines determinants rather than an epitope, and the two separated determinants (1-40 and 286-448) are consistent with either a bipartite contact or with a folding requirement - the paper cannot distinguish these and nor does this entry. The expected_absent_terms field records that the ABSENCE of KMT2A/MLL from this paper is part of the claim.

    Evidence that argues against this (1)
    • The paper contains the negative that most limits it, and the limitation is directional: menin does NOT mobilise into replication foci, so this contact is not a replication-fork event, which removes the mechanism a reader reaches for first. Two further weaknesses: the in-vitro species preference (free RPA2) and the in-cell co-precipitation (RPA1 present) point in opposite directions and the paper does not resolve which species menin binds in a nucleus; and in twenty-three years the binding itself appears never to have been independently retested - it has been restated in reviews and extended functionally, which is inheritance rather than replication. Agarwal SK et al. 2004
  2. E2established confidence 5 of 5: Multiple independent lines of evidence; treated as settled in the field.database

    All fourteen distinct menin residue positions in the Sukhodolets 2003 mutation panel - P12, L22, H139, F144, F159, A160, A164, A176, W183, L286, A309, T344, W436, F447 - string-match the wild-type residue in the live-fetched UniProt O00255 canonical sequence, which is 610 aa with isoform O00255-2 displayed and O00255-1 and O00255-3 described.

    What this evidence cannot show

    A 14-of-14 string match establishes that the numbering is CONSISTENT with this accession; it does not prove the paper used this convention, because an offset that happened to preserve residue identities would pass. It validates nothing about the biology of any mutation. Menin's isoform situation is the specific hazard here - a 610-aa displayed isoform with longer described isoforms - and ana-q36-menin-residue-axis is the corpus entry that holds the numbering question; it should be read before any further menin residue arithmetic. Fetched once, on one day, from one release.

    Evidence that argues against this (1)
    • This is the weakest available form of coordinate verification and is reported as such rather than as confirmation. It cannot detect an identity-preserving offset; it says nothing about whether the paper's expression constructs matched the canonical isoform; and no paper-side statement of the reference sequence exists to check against. The honest status is 'consistent with O00255 canonical numbering', and if a later beat needs these residues for structural work it must resolve the numbering against the paper's own constructs, not against this match. This repository 2026
  3. E3moderate confidence 3 of 5: One strong study, or several smaller consistent ones.paper

    In breast cancer, RPA2 is upregulated in tissues and cell lines; binding assays indicated menin interacts with RPA2; ectopic RPA2 expression in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 inhibited formation of the menin-NF-kB p65 complex and repressed menin's inhibitory effect on NF-kB-regulated genes, while RPA2 knockdown promoted menin-p65 complex formation and repressed NF-kB-mediated gene expression; and RPA2 expression was induced via an E2F1-dependent mechanism on treatment with the NF-kB activators TNF-alpha or LPS.

    What this evidence cannot show

    Abstract level only; the full text was not opened, so the binding assay is unspecified - 'binding assays indicated' is the abstract's own hedge and names no method. MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer lines, overexpression and knockdown rather than endogenous perturbation, not haematopoietic, no fusion. This claim ALREADY EXISTS in this corpus as evidence E5 of gene-rela and is carried here because the interface now has an entry of its own; gene-rela remains the entry of record for the NF-kB axis and this item must not be counted as independent corroboration of it.

    Evidence that argues against this (1)
    • Direction of causation is not established by this design. RPA2 is itself reported here as an E2F1 target, so it rises with proliferation - which makes 'RPA2 up, NF-kB up, tumour worse' equally consistent with RPA2 being a proliferation marker that an overexpression experiment then forces into a functional-looking role. And a breast-epithelial NF-kB axis is a long way from infant B-ALL; this corpus's own menin-NF-kB entries are careful about that distance and this item should inherit their caution rather than borrow their confidence. Heppner C et al. 2001
  4. E4speculative confidence 1 of 5: Our own inference or analogy. Not shown to be true.paper

    A 2023 computational study built homology models and docked menin with RPA2, ran 200 ns molecular dynamics and computed MM/PBSA binding free energies for three best-fit models (model 8 at -205.624 kJ/mol, model 28 at -177.382 kJ/mol), and reported that the menin S606F point mutation changed the binding free energy of model 8 by -34.09 kJ/mol while reducing binding free energy and configurational entropy in model 28 by -97.54 and -2618 kJ/mol; the authors propose two predicted interaction sites on menin for RPA2 binding.

    Investigating the novel-binding site of RPA2 on Menin and predicting the effect of point mutation of Menin through protein-protein interactions. · Kaur G, Prajapat M, Singh H, Sarma P, Bhadada SK, Shekhar N, Sharma S, Sinha S, Kumar S, Prakash A, Medhi B · Scientific Reports 13(1):9337 2023
    What this evidence cannot show

    PREDICTION ONLY - homology modelling, docking, GROMACS MD and MM/PBSA, with no experiment of any kind. Graded `speculative` for that reason and not because the work is poor. Abstract level; the predicted menin residues are NOT recorded in this entry because the abstract does not name them and the full text was not read, so importing 'two predicted sites' as coordinates would be fabrication. The authors' own framing is that the experimental approaches are 'expensive, time-consuming, and challenging', i.e. that this substitutes for an experiment that has not been done. Note the mutation studied, S606F, is NOT in the Sukhodolets panel and lies beyond the 448 truncation point that retained binding, so it is not obviously a test of the mapped determinants. MM/PBSA absolute binding free energies are not comparable to measured affinities and should never be quoted as Kd-equivalent.

    Evidence that argues against this (1)
    • This paper predicts an interface that the founding experimental paper had already mapped by deletion to menin aa 1-40 plus 286-448 and to RPA2 aa 43-171, and the abstract does not state whether its predicted sites agree with that mapping. A computational interface prediction that does not reproduce the existing experimental constraint before extending it cannot be scored, and this entry therefore uses it only as evidence that the interface has attracted no further experimental work - which is itself the informative point. Sukhodolets KE et al. 2003
  5. E5strong confidence 4 of 5: Replicated in peer-reviewed work by more than one group.database

    The menin-RPA2 literature contains no KMT2A or MLL fusion: RPA2[tiab] AND KMT2A[tiab] and RPA2[tiab] AND MLL[tiab] both return zero with non-empty querytranslations, while RPA2[tiab] AND menin[tiab] returns six records of which three are on-topic (the founding paper, the breast-cancer paper and the docking study), two list RPA2 among menin's partners, and one is the 2026 menin-HR paper naming the RPA2/Rad51 pathway downstream.

    What this evidence cannot show

    Bounded by titles and abstracts (rule 80). The RPA32 spelling returns ZERO against menin, so a name list built from the kDa nomenclature would have missed this entire literature - the relevant name list actually tried was RPA2, RPA32, 'replication protein A', menin and MEN1, and NOT tried were RPA34, REPA2, RFA2 on the RPA side. The six-record menin list is the same under RPA2[tiab] AND MEN1[tiab], which is a useful consistency check but not an independent one.

    Evidence that argues against this (1)
    • A six-record literature with two genuinely independent experimental papers fourteen years apart is thin, and quoting 'six papers link menin and RPA2' would overstate it. Stripped to independent experimental work on the contact, the count is two - one 2003 paper from the NIH MEN1 group and one 2017 paper from unrelated Taiwanese groups - plus one computational study and three papers that inherit the claim. Nobody has retested the binding itself. Dilley WG et al. 2005
  6. E6moderate confidence 3 of 5: One strong study, or several smaller consistent ones.database

    RPA2's menin-binding region overlaps its annotated ssDNA-binding fold: UniProt P15927 annotates an OB fold at residues 74-148 within the mapped menin-binding region of 43-171; and RPA's DNA affinity and protein affinity are allosterically anticorrelated, with protein interactions compatible with a low-DNA-affinity state involving DBD-A and DBD-B but not with the high-DNA-affinity state that additionally engages DBD-C and DBD-D.

    What this evidence cannot show

    The OB-fold coordinates are HUMAN, from the fetched P15927 record, and the overlap with 43-171 is simple arithmetic on those numbers. The allosteric-coupling mechanism is NOT human - PMID 23070815 crystallised a USTILAGO MAYDIS heterotrimer (MeSH 'Fungal Proteins', 'Ustilago'; no 'Humans' term) - so the mechanism is imported and no residue from that paper is used. Graded `moderate` for that reason: the overlap is a fact, the functional reading of the overlap is a cross-species inference. The DBD-A/DBD-B nomenclature is RPA1's, not RPA2's, so the low-affinity protein-binding surface named in the coupling model is not itself the menin-binding surface - the inference is about the complex's state, not about which residues menin touches.

    Evidence that argues against this (1)
    • The founding paper tested the natural consequence of this overlap and it was negative: menin had no detectable effect on RPA-DNA binding in vitro. So the overlap, on the only evidence that exists, has no functional consequence for DNA binding - and this item exists as much to record that negative as to record the overlap. Any future claim that menin modulates RPA's ssDNA engagement has to get past a 2003 experiment that looked and found nothing. Sukhodolets KE et al. 2003
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